Gender Inequality The Invisible Barrier That Is Holding...

The average American female only makes â…” of what the average male does. Whether it is in school, or the workforce, gender inequality still exists and is a major problem. There is still a huge difference in the way women get treated compared to the way men get treated. Due to the invisible barrier that is holding back the success of women, social realities need to be redefined in order for gender inequality to no longer exist. Gender inequality refers to the unequal rights, responsibilities and opportunities of women and men and girls and boys. There are three main ideas that contribute to it. Sexism refers to the range of attitudes, beliefs, policies, laws, and behaviors that discriminate on the basis of gender. Street calling is an example of sexism. How many times have you been walking along and had men stare at you or look you up and down? This happens to me on the daily. I had just finished my last game of the day during a tournament and my team and I went to the mall for some food and to see a movie. I had stood up and began to walk to the trashcan, still in my uniform, when a guy looked me up and down and multiple times and whistled. I felt disgusting and vulnerable because a grown man found me appealing. A second idea that also contributes is gender roles. Gender roles are rights, responsibilities, expectations, and relationships of men and women in a society. Men traditionally are thought to be the sole provider of the family and not have any role in housework orShow MoreRelatedGender Bias And Gender Inequality1373 Words   |  6 Pagesdoes. Whether it is in school, or the workforce, gender inequality still exists and is a major problem. There is still a huge difference in the way women get treated compared to the way men get treated. Due to the invisible barrier that is holding back the success of women, social realities need to be redefined in order for gender inequality to longer exist. Gender inequality refers to the unequal rights, responsibilities and opportunities of women and men and girls and boys. There are three mainRead MoreThe Gender Differences Of The United States Work Force1721 Words   |  7 PagesMitoyan Professor Darin English 101 November 30, 2014 Sex Segregation in the U.S. Work Force This research paper focuses on the gender differences that take part in the U.S. workforce. It discusses the manner in which men and women are subtly segregated. We refuse to believe that discrimination as such continues to exist in the 21st century, yet it’s the ugly truth. A gender gap is created due to differences in authority, pay, and promotion. 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Insight Into Entrepreneural Failure - 2982 Words

TITLE: INSIGHT INTO THE ENTREPRENEURAL FAILURE CASE STUDY: DREAM DEFERRED: THE STORY OF A HIGH-TECH ENTREPRENEUR IN A LOW-TECH WORLD. Table of Content 1. Cover /Title Page †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Page 1 2. Table of Content/ List of Exhibits †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Page 1 3. Executive Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Page 1 4. Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Page 2 5. Main Report †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Page 2 6. Conclusions †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Page 6 7. References/Bibliography †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Page 7 Executive Summary Roy Ash once said â€Å"An entrepreneur tends to bite off a little more than he can chew hoping†¦show more content†¦Before the company was liquidated 6 years after inception, the company was making revenue of $2 Million annually with 75 staff. Some very interesting questions come to mind and we will be discussing them at length. The questions are: Why did Monique Mandy fail to launch a new innovation in Tanzania? What effect did country and market conditions have on this? What is the importance of social capital and networks in entrepreneurship? Did Monique learn out of this failure? What would she do or avoid next time? Without discussing and address these questions, this paper would not have properly analyzed the Adesemi Failure as it were. THE MAIN REPORT The Company - Adesemi â€Å"Adesemi, an American start-up in Africa, had been trying for six years to blanket the developing world with desperately needed wireless communications services. It had raised more than $15 million in venture capital and launched the worlds first fully integrated virtual phone system--which incorporated voice mail, pagers, and hundreds of pay phones--in one of its poorest countries, Tanzania. Then Adesemi crashed to earth, leaving its founder, Monique Maddy, with a company that was a shadow of the powerhouse she had envisioned. The companys demise was personally and financially devastating to Maddy, a Liberian-born entrepreneur who grew up wanting to work for the United Nations and who ultimately trained at Harvard Business School†. According to Maddy Monique â€Å"MyShow MoreRelatedThe Entrepreneurial Mind-18021 Words   |  73 PagesDevelopment—Revolutionary Impact 2 The Entrepreneurial Mind-Set in Individuals: Cognition and Ethics 31 The Entrepreneurial Mind-Set in Organizations: Corporate Entrepreneurship 67 Social Entrepreneurship and the Global Environment for Entrepreneurship 98 Entrepreneural case analysis Corporate Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Silicon Valley: The Case of Google, Inc. 127 Entrepreneurship: Evolutionary Development—Revolutionary Impact Chapter 1 â€Å"Entrepreneurial Thought Most of what you hear about entrepreneurship

Adhd Essay Writing Example For Students

Adhd Essay Writing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental disorders among children. About 3 percent to 5 percent of American children are affected by this disorder. This disorder is commonly mis-diagnosed in children who are very hyperactive, assuming that very hyperactive kids have this disorder. In this paper I plan to discuss ideas such as: the symptoms, theories of causation, risks, and how this disorder is looked at and treated. There are signs that a child may be affected by ADHD, which are very noticeable in some cases. Some of the physical symptoms that are involved include hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsitivity. When discussing inattention, the idea that individuals have difficulty sustaining interest in finishing a task, strangely, a person with ADHD may have no problems with attention while doing an activity they enjoy, but wont be able to finish a complicated or new task. People with this disorder are often noted for their inconsistencies, have bad handwriting, miss details, and are often forgetful. But because the individual over-focuses on something of great interest, or something that is highly stimulating, many times an untrained observer may assume that this ability to concentrate negates the possibility of ADHD being a concern, especially when they see children able to pay attention while working one-on-one with someone, doing something they enjoy, or can sit and play a video game or watc h television for hours on end.In addition to problems with attention, people with ADHD can be fidgety, and appear to be moving around constantly. Which leads me to myth that all people with ADHD are hyperactive, this is not always the case. Because society has traditionally thought of a person with ADHD as being hyper, many children who have this disorder with no signs of being hyperactive are not being identified or treated. For those individuals who are not hyperactive, they are often thought of as a day-dreamers or an absent-minded professors. The non-hyperactive children with ADHD most often seem to be girls, but it is 5 to 7 more common in boys. (Booth, 2000)Another symptom that is very common in people with ADHD is impulsitivity, which means that the individual seems to be unable to think before they act. They may interrupt others who are talking, blurt out inappropriate comments, or have a hard time waiting their turn. Regardless of the consequence, people with ADHD can out as if they are out of control. Although researchers are still studying exactly what causes ADHD, they know what doesnt cause it, and that is sugar. Sugar and food additives dont cause ADHD, and in research study in 1982 the National Institutes of Health concluded that restricting sugar and food additive consumption only helped about 5% of the children with this disorder. Minor brain injuries from early infection, or birth complications also have been ruled out, head injuries can only explain a few cases of ADHD, not all of them. Television watching, poor home and school environments also dont cause ADHD, they may contribute to behavior that resembles the symptoms. Instead new theories point to low levels of activity in some parts of the brain as an indicator of ADHD. In one study, investigators found that control attention, meaning that areas were less active and caused inattention. Cocaine and heavy alcohol use during pregnancy may also distort developing nerve cell. Using alcohol during pregnancy may cause fetal alcohol syndrome, which leads to low birth weight, and certain physical and intellectual impairments. Many FAS children also show the same symptoms as children with ADHD. I feel that you can rule out genes, because they probably account for some ADHD causes. Children with this disorder usually have at least one relative with ADHD, with one-third of fathers with ADHD having children with disorder also. More important, identical twins are often both affected.(National ADD, 97)Treatment is available for people who have ADHD, which includes therapy and drug treatment. But in order to make sure these symptoms are from an actual case of ADHD, and not from an emotional or physical disorder, a medical professional would need to look at the history of the symptoms, ruling out any learning disabilities, or physical problems or environmental

Moet Nog Hernummerd Worden Essay Example

Moet Nog Hernummerd Worden Essay Voorwoord Als groep zijn we nu Sinds begin september bezig met het WMO undertaking. Het deelproject â€Å"De Doelgroep† neemt nu de laatste 3 weken in beslag. De projectgroep bestaat uit Gertjan Olderburger, Sieger Oost, Wilma Bos, Rene Stel, Richard Mugischa, Lian Reinds, Nienke Geertsma A ; Kaspar Gerritsen. Het resonance wordt door alle acht leden gezamenlijk gemaakt. Iedere woensdag houden we vergadering, waarna ieder projectlid zelfstandig een taak uitwerkt. Dit wordt dan in de volgende vergadering besproken en geevalueerd. Het uiteindelijke adviesrapport zal geschreven worden voor de gemeente Groningen. De opdrachtgever is de Hanzehogeschool Groningen. De Hanzehogeschool willen we hier bedanken voor de kans die ze ons bieden om ons door dot resonance Te maken, verder Te ontwikkelen. In heated bijzonder een dankwoord voor Thijs Leuveld, die ons ALSs tutor begeleidt. We will write a custom essay sample on Moet Nog Hernummerd Worden specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Moet Nog Hernummerd Worden specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Moet Nog Hernummerd Worden specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Verder willen we u ALSs lezer veel plezier wensen bij het lezen new wave het resonance. De Doelgroep Inleiding In heated kader new wave de Wet Maatschappelijke Ondersteuning is ons door de Hanzehogeschool Groningen gevraagd een adviesnota Te schrijven voor een doelgroep dice Te maken heeft met de WMO. Wij ALSs projectgroep hebben gekozen voor de doelgroep dak- nut thuislozen. De bedoeling new wave deze adviesnota is om eventuele knelpunten voor de dak- en thuislozen Te achterhalen en een advies uit te brengen naar de gemeente Groningen voor verbetering new wave de positie van de dak- en thuislozen. Belangrijk daarin is om de verbeteringen te realiseren binnen heated kader new wave de WMO. De dak- nut thuisloze is dus het uitgaanspunt en niet de bestaande hulpverlenende instanties. In deze adviesnota zullen we als eerste de doelgroep belichten, waarbij we zoveel mogelijk gegevens verzamelen over de dak- en thuislozen in de stad Groningen. Daarna gaan we beschrijven welke problemen er zijn en waar de dak- en thuislozen behoefte aan hebben. Tot slot leggen we uit wat de WMO kan betekenen voor de dak- en thuislozen en wat op dot minute de relevante spelers zijn voor de dak- en thuislozen. De informatie hebben we verkregen bij instanties die werken met dak- nut thuislozen, zoals de politie, stichting Huis, de Open Hof en de gemeente Groningen. De adviesnota is bedoeld voor een ieder dice Te maken heeft met dak- nut thuislozen in de stad Groningen, dot kan beroepsmatig zijn of omdat work forces betrokken is met de dak- en thuislozen. Dak- nut thuislozen Definities Er wordt onderscheid gemaakt tussen de verschillende soorten overlast, namelijk: criminaliteit, verstoringen new wave de openbare orde en audiovisuele overlast. Hieronder volgt een uitleg new wave de verschillende vormen van overlast en worden ook andere begrippen uitgelegd, zoals het verschil tussen een dak- nut thuisloze. Criminaliteit Deze vorm is expliciet vastgelegd en strafbaar gesteld in het Wetboek new wave Strafrecht. Definitie new wave criminaliteit: Alle gedragingen dice bij de wet strafbaar zijn gesteld ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.scholieren.com/werkstukken/25790, 2009 ) Verstoringen new wave de openbare orde Hierbij gaat het vooral om het in bezit nemen van de openbare ruimte, bijvoorbeeld door samenscholingen new wave drugsverslaafden op straat, plein, portiek of in een plantsoen. Deze vorm is minder objectief, maar juridisch enigszins omschreven in de zogenoemde Algemene Plaatselijke Verordeningen ( APV s ) . Deze gedragingen zijn onder meer: op straat urineren ( wildplassen ) gebruik new wave intoxicant op straat, illegaal tippelen, schreeuwen, tieren of op andere wijze hinderlijke geluiden verwekken of zonder redelijk doel ophouden in portiek, poort of tegen een raamkozijn of drempel zitten of liggen. Audiovisuele overlast Hierbij moet worden gedacht aan thorn, hinderlijk en onaangenaam gedrag, zonder digital audiotape Er sprake is van criminaliteit of ordeverstorende gedragingen zoals omschreven in de APV ( Intraval, 2009 ) . Daklozen Dit zijn mensen zonder een Eigen huge onderkomen. In deze groep vallen drie groepen Te onderscheiden: mensen dice gebruik maken new wave de langdurende opvang, mensen die gebruikmaken new wave de kortdurende opvang en buitenslapers. ( Stichting new wave de straat, 2006 ) Vanzelfsprekend zijn deze scheidslijnen niet absoluut. Kort- nut langdurende opvang Met kortdurende opvang wordt de ( nacht ) opvang bedoeld waar een dakloze zich per nacht moet laten inschrijven. Opvang die voor een langere periode zekerheid biedt wordt langdurende opvang genoemd. Buitenslapers Dit zijn daklozen dice om verschillende redenen geen gebruik maken new wave enige vorm new wave opvang. Deze redenen kunnen bestaan uit het niet hebben new wave financiele middelen voor de opvang en het weigeren van korte opvang. Thuislozen Is de term dice gebruikt wordt voor mensen zonder of met een zeer geringe maatschappelijke positie. Er kan gedacht worden aan sociaal geA?soleerde werklozen, geraniumdrinkers maar ook mensen dice gebruik maken new wave woonbegeleiding en preparation. Dak- nut thuislozen Dit is de groep mensen die ontstaat wanneer je de daklozen en thuislozen rain trees voegt. Multigebruikers Dit zijn mensen binnen de groep dak- thuislozen dice verschillende soorten drugs en intoxicant tot zich nemen. Verwervingsactiviteiten Dit zijn de bezigheden van dak- thuisloze drugs en intoxicant gebruikers om geld bij elkaar Te sprokkelen voor Hun gebruik drugs en intoxicant gebruik zie verder het hoofdstuk probleem, alinea criminele activiteiten voor een aantal voorbeelden over verschillende wervingsactiviteiten. Gegevens De groep dak- en thuislozen bestaat in Groningen uit zon 800 mensen ( Stichting new wave de straat 2006 ) . De groep overlast veroorzakers in heated A-Kwartier bestaat uit zon 90 personen. Als er cijfers geA?nterpreteerd worden met betrekking tot overlast dient work forces zich new wave het volgende bewust Te zijn. Een melding gaat meestal niet over een incident maar over een patroon new wave overlast. Dus ook ALSs het gemeten meldingen Klein is, kan de daadwerkelijke overlast groot zijn. Aantal meldingen bij het Meldpunt Overlast en Zorg in 2008: 2905. Uit het centrum komen de meeste meldingen binnen new wave overlast. Het aantal meldingen per 100 inwoners ligt tot wel drie keer hoger ALSs andere delen new wave de stad ( 5 meldingen per 100 inwoners in 2008 ) . Met 27,1 % new wave het totaal is drugsoverlast de voornaamste soort overlast van het centrum. ( Bureau Onderzoek Gemeente Groningen, 2009 ) Demografische ontwikkelingen new wave de dak- en thuislozen in de stad Groningen. De demografische ontwikkeling new wave de dak- en thuislozen in de gemeente Groningen wordt Al jaren bijgehouden door een intensief contact Te onderhouden met de opvangvoorzieningen en met de zorginstellingen. Het aantal dak- nut thuislozen is al jaren zon 800 personen in de gemeente Groningen. In de onderstaande tabel is te zien digital audiotape Er stijging is in 2006 new wave het aantal buiten slapers in de stad Groningen naar een totaal new wave 42. Dit is veroorzaakt doordat de OGGz en VNN ( Verslavingszorg Noord Nederland ) een aantal onbekende dak- en thuislozen beter in kaart hebben gebracht. Ook kunnen we uit de tabel opmaken digital audiotape Er een stijging is van heated aantal niet-Nederlandse buiten slapers. Daarnaast is er een toename te zien new wave het aantal vrouwen. De leeftijd van de groep daklozen wordt ook iets ouder. In 2005 is er reeds een program door de gemeente Groningen gemaakt. Dit is heated program Uit de Goot. Echter volgens curate Gerhard ter Beek new wave pastoraal-diaconaal centrum de Open Hof komt new wave dot program erg weinig terecht. Volgens ter Beek heeft de gemeente naarmate de tijd verstreek zich steeds meer teruggetrokken, en minder tijd, geld en personeel in het undertaking gestoken. Ook is heated voor centrum de Open Hof erg moeizaam om hierover in gesprek Tes komen met de gemeente Groningen. Volgens het in 2005 opgestelde actieplan Uit de Goot zou Er in het jaar 2006 niemand meer buiten slapen, dot program is vervolgens uitgesteld naar het jaar 2008. Echter uit de bovenstaande Tabel 3 blijkt digital audiotape ook in 2008 Er nog steeds dak- en thuislozen zijn dice geen plek hebben om binnen Te slapen. Verder valt Er over de twisten of de doelgroep zelf, de dak- en thuislozen wel een plek om Te slapen willen hebben, of digital audiotape ze niet liever buiten zijn. Dit is te verklaren door heated feit digital audiotape in 2006 de openingstijden van de Open Hof zijn uitgebreid, terwijl het aantal bezoekers is afgenomen. Het aantal allochtone bezoekers is genuine wel gestegen. In 2008 zijn de openingstijden weer enigszins afgenomen. Bron: www.digidak.nl Site voor en new wave dakloze mensen in de stad Groningen. Bezoekersbeleid Open Hof 2008 Gezien De bezoekcijfers van het jaar 2008 is er redelijke stabiliteit ten opzichte new wave de laatste jaren. Het aantal bezoeken ligt rond de 20.000. In 2008 is heated 19.583, in 2007 was het 20.040 dus het is enigszins verminderd. De reden voor deze vermindering is dat de Open Hof in 2008 iets minder unfastened is dan in 2007, maar relatief gezien zijn er per uur meer bezoekers dan de voorgaande jaren. December was ook in 2008 de drukste maand, vanwege de weersomstandigheden. Maandag is de drukste dekagram, zaterdag de rustigste. Bron: www.openhof.org Jaarverslag 2008. Gezien de vele plannen van de gemeente Groningen is er toch Te zien uit meerdere bronnen digital audiotape het aantal dak- nut thuislozen digital audiotape gebruik maakt new wave opvang hetzelfde blijft, waardoor Er ook valt te concluderen digital audiotape Er een groep is die geen gebruik wil/kan maken van de geboden voorzieningen. De reden hiervoor kan zijn digital audiotape Er een groep daklozen is die geen onderdak wil, maar dice dot leven ambieren. Hierdoor zal er altijd een gedeelte blijven digital audiotapes buiten zal slapen. Er zijn veel verschillende groepen dhak en thuislozen is te lezen op www.ontmoeting.org. Onder de dak- en thuislozen bevinden zich o.a. drugsverslaafden, prostituees, illegalen, zwervers en mensen dice een psychisch probleem hebben. De leeftijd is enorm frogmans, new wave tieners tot bejaarden.. Het is genuine wel opvallend digital audiotape het overgrote deel new wave de dak- en thuislozen new wave het mannelijke geslacht zijn. Slechts 15 % new wave de dak- en thuislozen zijn vrouw, waarvan de meesten werkzaam zijn ALSs prostituee, vaak in combinatie met een drugsverslaving. Verder valt op digital audiotape Er een steeds meer allochtone dak- nut thuislozen komen. Door het feit dat ze de taal niet spreken, en zich niet goed hebben kunnen aanpassen in Nederland is heated mogelijk digital audiotape ze op straat komen te staan, waarna ze zich in heated zwervers circuit vestigen. Ook komt heated door het feit digital audiotape er Allochtone mensen zijn die terug moeten naar Hun Eigen land, waarna ze zich ALSs illegaal op straat gaan vestigen. Probleem Na een gesprek Te hebben gehad met dhr. B. Aanen van de politie Groningen ( coordinator overlast centrum en A-kwartier ) , zijn we tot de conclusie gekomen dat er behoefte is voor de dak- en thuislozen om activiteiten Te doen, waarbij ze iets voor de maatschappij kunnen betekenen. Deze activiteiten zouden onder andere kunnen bestaan uit het klusjes doen voor mensen dice gebruik willen maken new wave deze hulp. Vanuit de gemeente Groningen is er behoefte om de overlast dice deze doelgroep in de omgeving veroorzaakt Te beperken. Het Groningse college new wave B A ; W wil heated aantal dak- en thuislozen de komende jaren op achthonderd houden. Dat is heated niveau van 2006. Een stevige opgave, stelt heated college new wave B A ; W, gezien de verwachte toename van dak- nut thuislozen.B A ; W gaan daarom excess investeren in preventie nut nazorg. Het college wil dak- nut thuislozen zo snel mogelijk weer een thuis bieden, zo nodig met een persoonlijk program. ( Gemeente Groningen ) . In heated gesprek met dhr. B. Aanen van de politie Groningen ( coordinator overlast centrum en A-kwartier ) , is naar voren gekomen dat de gemeente Groningen een aanhoudende stroom klachten binnen krijgt, met betrekking tot de overlast die dak- nut thuislozen veroorzaken. De gemeente Groningen wil digital audiotape de overlast die veroorzaakt wordt door de dak- en thuislozen wordt terug gedrongen, hierdoor hebben de mensen een rustiger leven en hebben ze een veiliger gevoel. Oorzaak van de deze overlast zou kunnen liggen in het feit digital audiotape deze mensen geen reguliere tijdsinvulling hebben en merendeels buiten de maatschappij staan. De overlast van Dak- en thuisloze drugsgebruikers is verschillend. Overdag is heated relatief rustig en zo is er s nachts het meeste overlast in heated A-kwartier. De reden hiervoor is dat dot tijdstip en de plaats de beschutting geeft voor de criminele activiteiten. Het is donker, er zijn andere mensen op straat waardoor de groep minder opvalt en Hun activiteiten zonder veel commotie kunnen voortzetten. De overlast is ALSs volgt ingedeeld in 3 groepen: Audiovisueel De overlast dice de groep veroorzaakt bestaat voornamelijk uit lawaai. Dit wordt om verschillende redenen veroorzaakt. Zo zijn Er groeperingen dice elkaar new wave een ruime afstand begroeten, zoals de Antillianen. Deze groeperingen hebben de neiging elkaar new wave honderden metres afstand te begroeten. Ook rijden traders met Hun luidruchtige car s de hele nacht af en aan waarbij zij met hun portierramen geopend hun zeer luid staande muziek de openbare ruimte in slingeren. Verder produceren ruzies die ontstaan tijdens en/of rondom criminaliteit en drugs gebruik veel geluidsoverlast. Openbare orde verstoringen De groep dak- en thuislozen overtreed zonder uitzondering de Algemene Plaatselijke Verordeningen ( APV ) van de gemeente Groningen. Veel voorkomend overtredingen zijn: ( overmatig ) alcoholgebruik, actief bedelen, heated zonder reden ophouden in een portiek, wildplassen, heated dragen new wave messen en andere verboden voorwerpen, zoals wapens en dieven gereedschap. Criminele activiteiten Vermogensdelicten komen veel voor. De meest voorkomende delicten zijn: oplichting, smokkel, zakkenrollen en heling. De meeste new wave deze delicten zijn in heated kader new wave verwervingsactiviteiten. Geweldsdelicten worden ook gepleegd, maar minder. Hierbij gaat het om geweld naar elkaar, ( winkel ) diefstal, maar ook om bijvoorbeeld twee overvallen met een Maines dit jaar. Behoeften en voorzieningen Welzijnsbehoeften Welke welzijnsbehoeften heeft een dak- nut thuisloze? Dat is de vraag dice in dot deel new wave â€Å"De doelgroep† centraal staat. Om te kunnen kijken naar de ( welzijns ) behoeften van de dak- nut thuisloze, kijkt de projectgroep eerst naar die van de mens in het algemeen, om dot vervolgens te vertalen naar de dak- en thuisloze. Abraham H. Maslow ( Brooklyn, 1 April 1908 Californie , 8 juni 1970 ) een klinische psycholoog zette deze basisbehoeften in een bepaalde volgorde en creeerde hiermee de piramide van Maslow. Zijn idee achter de piramide is, dat je eerst voldoet aan de basisbehoefte voordat je hoger op de piramide kan komen. Maslow stelde dat moose levend wezen dezelfde behoeftes nastreeft. Wanneer aan een behoefte voldaan is schuift het individu op naar een hogere plaats op de piramide. Wanneer een trap ontbreekt of wegvalt, zal het individu opnieuw aan deze behoefte moeten voldoen alvorens terug te kunnen stijgen. Het is niet mogelijk om bepaalde niveaus over te slaan. ( Over Abraham H. Maslow, 2009 ) Uit onderzoek door heated Trimbos-instituut in 2005, wat gehouden is onder 110 dak- nut thuislozen in Leiden, zeggen dak- nut thuisloze mensen zelf, digital audiotape zij behoefte hebben aan hulp bij huisvesting ( 65 % ) , financien ( 47 % ) , gebitsproblemen ( 36 % ) , heated vinden new wave werk ( 33 % ) en lichamelijke gezondheid ( 23 % ) . ( RIVM, 2009 ) Misschien kunnen we met een kleine steekproef nog onderzoeken of deze cijfers nog relevant zijn voor de dak- en thuislozen in Groningen. De lichamelijke behoeften volgens de piramide van Maslow zijn: voedsel, drinken nut ontlasting. Maslow verstaat onder lichamelijke behoeften ook seks, evenals andere lichamelijke zaken zoals sport en comfort. Dak- en thuislozen hebben behoefte aan gezondheidszorg, zowel psychische ALSs lichamelijke zorg. Volgens Stichting Ontmoeting heeft 80 % new wave de dak- en thuislozen in Nederland, psychische problemen waarvan een behoorlijke deel een persoonlijkheidsstoornis ( zoals bijvoorbeeld schizofrenie ) . Daarnaast is er een groep new wave ongeveer 80 % dice een verslavingsachtergrond ( intoxicant, drugs of gokken ) heeft. De mens heeft volgens Maslow behoefte aan een zekere mate new wave veiligheid en zekerheid, het individu gaat beveiliging zoeken in een georganiseerde kleine of grote groep. Dit kan bijvoorbeeld de buurt, heated gezin of het bedrijf zijn. Typische voorbeelden zijn: huisvesting, werk en relaties. Dak- en thuislozen hebben een donging gemeen: ze lijden aan thuisloosheid. Dak- en thuislozen zijn op straat terechtgekomen door uiteenlopende redenen. Deze redenen kunnen zijn: werkloosheid, geen sociale uitkering hebben, huisuitzettingen door wooncorporaties, alcoholisme, illegalen zonder verblijfsvergunning, verslaving aan drugs of een psychische ziekte. Dak- en thuislozen hebben in eerste instantie onderdak nodig waar ze onder andere kunnen douchen en slapen. In de gemeente Groningen zijn er diverse voorzieningen voor de opvang van dak-en thuislozen, deze voorzieningen worden vermeld in ‘De Sociale Kaart . Naast wonen hebben dak- nut thuislozen behoefte aan hulp bij Hun financien, blijkt uit het onderzoek new wave het Trimbos-instituut. Hierbij kan heated gaan om schuldsanering, hulp bij het beheren new wave Hun financien of hulp bij het aanvragen new wave een bijstand uitkering. Door middel van de financiele hulp kunnen dak- en thuislozen zichzelf voorzien van eten, drinken, kleding en medicatie. Dak- nut thuislozen hebben ook activiteiten nodig, in de vorm new wave scholing, werk of dagbesteding, anders gaan ze weer de straat op. Traumatische ervaringen kunnen dusdanige invloed hebben digital audiotape iemand in het daklozencircuit terecht is gekomen. Om deze ervaringen Te kunnen verwerken is een veilige omgeving nodig. Het vertrouwen in de maatschappij moet weer worden hersteld. ( Stichting Ontmoeting, 2009 ) . Ieder individu heeft volgens Maslow behoefte aan sociaal contact, behoefte aan vriendschap, liefde en positief sociale relaties. Dak- en thuislozen hebben niet of in mindere mate het vermogen om contact Te leggen met andere mensen, ze hebben het vertrouwen verloren in de maatschappij. Uit onderzoek new wave het Trimbos-instituut blijkt digital audiotape dak- en thuislozen aangeven geen behoefte Te hebben aan een sociaal netwerk. Dit zou kunnen komen doordat het hoger op de piramide van Maslow staat. Door allerlei oorzaken hebben dak- nut thuislozen geen vertrouwen meer in de medemens. Ieder mens heeft een veilige omgeving nodig om zich Te kunnen ontwikkelen tot een sociaal, zelfstandig functionerend persoon. Dak- en thuislozen hebben contact met de omgeving ( familie, vrienden, , ) , de instanties ( hulpverlening, sociale dienst, ) , en de lotgenoten die Als in de maatschappij teruggekeerd zijn, nodig. Uit de praktijk blijkt digital audiotape dak- en thuislozen, naast professionele hulpverlening, behoefte hebben aan iemand dice een contact aangaat met ALSs doel er Te zijn voor de ander, een maatje. Dit schept zelfvertrouwen en stimuleert tot heated nemen van Eigen initiatieven. Men krijgt het gevoel weer mee Te tellen in de maatschappij. ( Provincie Utrecht, 2009 ) Ieder individu heeft behoefte aan waardering en erkenning, die de competentie en het aanzien in groepsverband verhogen ; het belang hechten aan de position in sociaal verband. Ook is er behoefte aan zelfontplooiing of zelfactualisatie, de behoefte om zijn persoonlijkheid en zijn mentale groeimogelijkheden Te ontwikkelen. Voordat een dak- nut thuisloze, dus kan werken aan zijn zelfontplooiing is heated dus new wave belang digital audiotape alle onderliggende stappen new wave de piramide doorlopen zijn en daar peg steeds aan voldaan wordt. Uit gespreken gevoerd door de Stichting Klaverblad Zeeland met clienten en bezoekers new wave dekagram activiteiten centra, beschermde en begeleide woonvormen, verslavingszorg en de dak- en thuislozenopvang, blijkt digital audiotape ze zich het meest geholpen voelen met goede ondersteuning om uit het leven ALSs dak- of thuisloze Te komen. Het weer wennen aan verantwoordelijkheden, verplichtingen en verwachtingen is een noodzakelijk voortraject, alvorens de draad van gewoon leven en werken weer op Te pakken. Hierbij wordt bedoeld, het meer stimuleren tot deelname aan ( sociale ) activeringstrajecten. Mensen komen in een ander ritme en kunnen wennen aan een regelmatig bestaan. Nuttig zijn vergroot ook het zelfvertrouwen. ( Stichting Klaverblad Zeeland, 2009 ) Wat is nodig om in die behoefte Te voorzien Het doel new wave het schrijven van de adviesnota, is heated vergroten en ondersteunen van de zelfredzaamheid, de maatschappelijke participatie en het zelfstandig functioneren van de doelgroep, dak- nut thuislozen. Om aan deze behoefte voor deze voorziening te voldoen, zijn samenwerkingsverbanden noodzakelijk, samenwerkingsverbanden tussen bijvoorbeeld: gemeente, politie, WMO Groningen, inloophuizen, buurthuizen en instellingen voor intoxicant en drugsverslaving. Een vertrouwensrelatie tussen bestuurders, professionals, bewoners en dak- nut thuislozen is een harde voorwaarde voor het slagen new wave een undertaking. ( Werken aan maatschappelijke ondersteuning, Kees Penninx, Cecil Scholten en anderen, 2005 ) . Indien er een bewonersraad is van de instelling van dak- nut thuislozen, is daar dan een ook een vertegenwoordiger new wave in de officiele bewonersraad van de wijk. Het inventariseren new wave contactpersonen zal dus belangrijk zijn om ook informatie uit de doelgroep zelf te krijgen. Indien alle betrokken partijen gebruikmaken new wave het 8-fasenmodel new wave het NIZW, kunnen instellingen de individuele begeleiding in de maatschappelijke opvang ( beter ) organiseren. Het is een methode om gestructureerd nut in samenwerking met clienten Te werken aan haalbare begeleidingsdoelen. Het geeft medewerkers en clienten een houvast om gericht activiteiten te doen. Daarbij kan heated gaan om het werken aan meer zelfredzaamheid new wave de client, maar ook om het behouden new wave de hoogst haalbare vorm new wave prettig en bescherm wonen ( 8-fasenmodel NIZW ) . Er dient dus intensieve communicatie Te zijn tussen de diverse instanties en de vertegenwoordigers van de doelgroep. Ook het potentieel van de doelgroep zelf moeten we inzetten om het undertaking hetgeen inhoud het vergroten en ondersteunen van de zelfredzaamheid, de maatschappelijke participatie en het zelfstandig functioneren van de doelgroep, dak- en thuislozen Te doen slagen. Uit Plan van aanpak Regionaal Kompas Groningen blijkt digital audiotape Er een goede samenwerking is tussen de verschillende voorzieningen. Zelfs zodanig digital audiotape ze Er in slagen om tachtig procent new wave de mensen die dak- of thuisloos raken weer een thuis geboden kan worden. Al dan niet met begeleiding. OGGz, openbare geestelijke gezondheidszorg Groningen, is een samenwerkingsverband tussen geestelijke gezondheidszorg ( Lentis ) , maatschappelijke en juridische hulpverlening ( MJD ) , GGD Groningen en verslavingszorg noord Nederland ( VNN ) . Dit samenwerkingsverband heeft zich ALSs doel gesteld om langdurig zorgafhankelijke mensen met een vaak meervoudige problematiek Te helpen, zoals de groep dak- nut thuislozen. De OGGz is destijds overgeheveld new wave de AWBZ naar de WMO. Zij hebben een beleidsnota op gesteld â€Å"Uit de goot† . Hieruit blijkt digital audiotape Er reeds veel werk is verzet en digital audiotape de problematiek rond de dak- en thuislozen een complex erkend gegeven is. De samenwerking binnen de OGGz heeft tot mooie resultaten geleid. Voorbeelden hiervan zijn digital audiotape de opvang voorzieningen voor dak- nut thuislozen beter op elkaar aansluiten. Ook de dagbesteding is een goed georganiseerd geheel. Het mooiste voorbeeld is wellicht het feit digital a udiotape een aantal overlegvormen rondom overlast zijn opgeheven, simpelweg vanwege het feit digital audiotape ze een gebrek hadden aan docket punten. De Groninger aanpak trekt landelijke belangstelling. Delegaties van heated Ministerie new wave Justitie nut andere delegaties bezoeken heated Groningerland om met eigen ogen de werkwijze van de OGGz Te bestuderen. Signalering is een belangrijk gegeven in een eerste kennismaking met een eventueel toekomstige dak- of thuisloze. Huiseigenaren, hulpverleners en politie spelen daarin een belangrijke rol. Een huisbaas kan aangeven, o.a. bij de OGGz, wanneer uitzetting, vanwege wanbetaling, dreigt. Is uitzetting een feit, dan is er voor sommigen de mogelijkheid tot herhuisvesting bij â€Å"Woonkans† . Woonkans betreft een samenlevingsverband tussen de diverse wooncorporaties, Maatschappelijk en juridische dienstverlening ( MJD ) en Verslavingszorg Noord Nederland ( VNN ) . Een medewerker new wave Woonkans legt contact tussen de â€Å"uitgezette† persoon nut een hulpverlener new wave en new wave bovengenoemde instanties. Er zijn dus wel voorwaarden verbonden aan deze vorm new wave herhuisvesting. Ook de MJD heeft een signalerende functie en kan door de samenwerking binnen de OGGz een preventieve taak uitvoeren. Verslavingszorg Noord Nederland draagt zorg voor de begeleiding en behandeling new wave de verslaafde dak- nut thuisloze. Zij doet dot via de opvanginstellingen. VNN werkt ALSs onderdeel van de OGGz nauw rain trees met de psychiatrische zorginstelling Lentis. Lentis draagt zorg voor de psychiatrische hulpverlening aan dak- nut thuislozen in de opvangvoorzieningen. Daarnaast heeft zij een adviserende taak 10 behoeve new wave de medewerkers in de opvangvoorzieningen. Uit bovenstaande kunnen we concluderen dat Er een nauwe samenwerking is tussen de verschillende subjects. Er zijn verschillende samenwerkingsverbanden met elkaar aangegaan en deze overlegstructuren hebben onderling ook de nodige contact momenten. Om tot een goed eindproduct Te komen moeten we in contact komen met de probleem veroorzakende dak- en thuislozen en de buurtbewoners die de dak- en thuislozen ALSs een probleem ervaren. De projectgroep zal een instelling moeten vinden dice een vinger aan de pols houdt voor wat betreft het verdere verloop new wave het undertaking en eventueel voorkomende problemen, waarbij de hulpverlening gericht moet zijn op een persoonlijke aanpak van dak- nut thuislozen, om hem of haar terug Te integreren in de maatschappij. Een wisselwerking tussen de betrokken instelling, dak- en thuislozen en buurtbewoners zou een mooi resultaat new wave het undertaking zijn. Uit tabel 1 valt Te concluderen digital audiotape de kortdurende opvang de meeste populariteit geniet onder de dak- en thuislozen. Het totaal aan dak- nut thuislozen wat gebruikt maakt new wave de maatschappelijke opvang is genuine niet zoals vermeld in de tabel 790, maar slechts 572. Met 800 dak- nut thuislozen is heated dus de vraag of er geconcludeerd kan worden digital audiotape Er een tekort aan maatschappelijke opvang plaatsen is. Een andere vraag die opkomt, of de opvang mogelijkheden bij alle dak- en thuislozen bekent is en/of zij daar wel of niet bewust gebruik new wave maken. Tabel 2 laat ons zien dat Er een afname is van heated aantal meldingen new wave overlast, met uitzondering new wave de meldingen aangaande dierenoverlast en verwaarlozing. De rol van de WMO en de relevante spelers Rol new wave de WMO en de relevante spelers WMO is de Wet Maatschappelijk Ondersteuning. WMO draagt ertoe bij digital audiotape alle Burgers in de samenleving kunnen participeren, iedereen moet in de samenleving mee kunnen doen. Dat geldt voor jonge en gezonde mensen maar ook voor Burgers met disability of beperking. WMO zorgt ervoor digital audiotape de gemeente Burgers helpt ALSs ze hulp nodig hebben. Hierbij kan heated gaan om hindernissen in en om het huis, het plaatselijk vervoer en het ontmoeten new wave andere personen. Het gaat erom digital audiotape Burgers mee kunnen doen in samenleving, ALSs het niet lukt zonder hulp, dan mogen Burgers de gemeente vragen om biddy Te helpen. Voor de doelgroep dak- nut thuislozen, is er sprake new wave het regelen van maatschappelijk opvang en daklozen opvang. Dak- en thuislozen moeten zelfstandig kunnen wonen in Hun Eigen huis, wijk of buurt. De ondersteuning verschilt new wave persoon tot persoon. De relevante spelers zijn ALSs vangnet voor daken thuislozen. Ze bieden een onderdak voor bepaalde periode, begeleiding en dagbesteding. Uiteindelijk is heated doel om ze Te laten re-integreren in de maatschappij. Wie zijn de relevante spelers? Er zijn diverse instanties betrokken bij de opvang en/of ondersteuning van dak- nut thuislozen in de gemeente Groningen. Daar naast is er nog de politie die vooral de problematiek signaleert en optreed. Tussen de diverse instanties zijn overleg- nut samenwerkingsverbanden. Instanties die zich bezig houden met de opvang zijn: Woonvoorziening Hiddemaheerd LIMOR ( Landelijk Instelling voor Maatschappelijk Ondersteuning en Rehabilitatie ) Stichting Huis Thuiszorg Groningen Leger diethylstilbestrols Heils Twaalfde huis Instanties die zich bezig houden met fysieke en persoonlijke verzorging en hulpverlening zijn Verslavingszorg Noord Nederland ( VNN ) Salon de Marne De Wasplaats Sociale dienst De gemeente heeft in de WMO een centrale rol want de gemeente kent haar inwoners en is in staat om in te spelen op de lokale behoeften. Door de invoering new wave de WMO moet de gemeente Groningen met heated oog ook op de zelfredzaamheid, maatschappelijke participatie en leefbaarheid van de woonomgeving het volgende regelen: regie voeren rond wonen, zorg en welzijn. bepalen wat nodig is en anderen uitnodigen de openbare aanbesteding aan Te bieden. de financiering regelen in combinatie met eigen bijdrage. het informeren, adviseren en ondersteunen ALSs taak krijgen. het verslavingsbeleid voeren. WMO vormt een impuls voor bovengenoemde welzijnsorganisaties ( instellingen voor dak- en thuislozen ) om een belangrijke speler Te worden in heated veld new wave lokale aanbieders van maatschappelijk ondersteuning. Het is aan de instellingen om de kansen te pakken en tijdig in te spelen op mogelijke bedreigingen: breng formele en informele hulpbronnen bij elkaar, organiseer contactmogelijkheden, lever een bijdrage aan een leefbare en veilige woonomgeving, lever persoonlijke diensten en combineer deze met een signalerende en ondersteunende rol ( Werken aan maatschappelijke ondersteuning, Kees Penninx, Cecil Scholten e.a. , 2005 ) Een voorbeeld hier is van: Stichting Huis voor dak- thuislozen in Groningen biedt sinds 1981 onderdak aan mensen die tijdelijk of lasting dak- thuisloos zijn. Zij doet dot door zelf of rain trees met anderen opvang- nut woonvoorzieningen Te exploiteren. Tevens wordt in toenemende mate ambulante woonbegeleiding aangeboden. Stichting Huis richt zich op een zeer brede doelgroep. Door een frogmans, laagdrempelig dienstverleningsaanbod Te creeren probeert zij eenieder een passend aanbod Te doen. De opvangvoorzieningen zijn zo georganiseerd, digital audiotape verschillende probleemgroepen opgevangen ( kunnen ) worden. Daarbij wordt niet de problematiek van de client centraal gesteld, maar zijn de nog aanwezige mogelijkheden het uitgangspunt. Acceptatie van de client staat voorop. Tevens wordt aandacht geschonken aan preventie en signalering. Door te voorzien in de onderdak- , voedings- nut verzorgingsbehoefte van rond de 150 dak- thuislozen wordt de overlast op straat voorkomen. Door ook de begeleiding naar hulpverlening ter manus Te nemen, wordt de kennis van de stichting doorgegeven aan anderen. Stichting Huis werkt nauw rain trees met gespecialiseerde hulpverleningsinstellingen en SoZaWe. Tevens bestaat Er samenhang met diverse vormen van dagbesteding nut dagopvang. Met inachtneming new wave elkaars invalshoeken en specialismen, worden op maatwerkbasis individuele thuis- nut daklozen new wave een passend aanbod voorzien. De doelstelling new wave de maatschappelijke opvang is: iedereen zijn of haar plek Te geven die hij of zij verdient en aankan. Daarbij wordt de zelfstandigheid en verantwoordelijkheid van de dak- thuisloze gestimuleerd. De draagkracht van de client bepaalt de grenzen daarvan. Zo kan voor de een gelden, digital audiotape geprobeerd wordt hem of haar weer zo snel mogelijk zelfstandig Te laten functioneren, terwijl voor de ander een woonmilieu met een permanente bescherming gezocht of georganiseerd moet worden. ( Stichtinghuis, 2009 ) De hulpverleners die ook bovengenoemde zijn hebben in de WMO een taak om de dak- en thuislozen Te stimuleren om hun kennis, vaardigheden, capaciteiten, oplossingsstrategieen, sociale contacten en andere hulpbronnen Te ontwikkelen en Hun sterkte kanten in Te zetten voor het oplossen van de eigen problemen en eventueel ook dice new wave anderen, hier is sprake new wave lotgenoten. ( Werken aan maatschappelijke ondersteuning, Kees Penninx, Cecil Scholten e.a. 2005 ) Literatuurlijst Bureau Onderzoek Gemeente Groningen ( 2009 ) Jaarverslag 2007 en 2008 Meldpunt Overlast A ; Zorg, Groningen: Bureau Onderzoek Gemeente Groningen. Bureau Onderzoek Gemeente Groningen ( 2007 ) Plek om te slapen Dak- nut thuislozenmonitor, Groningen: Bureau Onderzoek Gemeente Groningen. Gemeente Groningen ( 2008 ) Plan van aanpak regionaal Kompas gemeente Groningen 2008-2012 ambtelijk construct 7. Groningen: Gemeente Groningen. Gemeente Groningen ( 2009 ) Nota Onder Dak, Groningen: Gemeente Groningen. Gesprek met B. Aanen ( 2009 ) Politie Groningen coordinator overlast centrum en A-kwartier. Hanzehogeschool ( 2009 ) Client in perspectief, Groningen: Hanzehogeschool. hypertext transfer protocol: //gemeente.groningen.nl/b-w-besluiten/gemeente-wil-aantal-dak-en-thuislozen-op-800.html, 14-09-2009. hypertext transfer protocol: //gemeente.groningen.nl/persberichten/college-wil-aantal-dak-en-thuislozen-stabiliseren, 14-09-2009. Hulsbosch L, Nicholas S, Wolf J. ( 2005 ) Dakloos in Leiden. Onderzoek naar omvang en kenmerken van de daklozenpopulatie, Utrecht: Trimbos-instituut. Intraval ( 2009 ) Drugs gerelateerde overlast, Groningen: Intraval. Landelijk Platform GGz ( 2009 ) Website hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lokaleversterking.nl, Utrecht: Landelijk Platform GGz. Maatjesproject dak- nut thuislozen 2006 ( 2009 ) Website hypertext transfer protocol: //www.provincie-utrecht.nl/ , Utrecht: Provincie Utrecht. NIWZ ( onbekend ) Folder 8-Fasenmodel Kennismaking met een praktische manier new wave planmatig werken in de maatschappelijke opvang, Utrecht: NIZW Over Abraham H. Maslow ( 2009 ) Website hypertext transfer protocol: //www.over-maslow.com/ Penninx, K. Scholten, C. en anderen ( 2005 ) Werken aan maatschappelijke ondersteuning Een handreiking voor sociale professionals, Utrecht: Lemma/NIZW. Stichting Ontmoeting ( 2009 ) Website hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ontmoeting.org/ , Houten: Stichting Ontmoeting. Stichting Klaverblad Zeeland ( 2009 ) Brochure Gewoon Meedoen, Goes: Klaverblad Zeeland. Stichting new wave de straat/OCSW ( 2006 ) ( omega ) onderdak, Groningen: Stichting new wave de straat/ OCSW. Zorgbalans 2008 ( 2009 ) Website hypertext transfer protocol: //www.rivm.nl/ , Bilthoven: RIVM. werken aan maatschappelijke ondersteuning, Kees Penninx, Cecil Scholten e.a. 2005 www.stichtinghuis.nl ( 2009 )

Farewell Manzamar essays

Farewell Manzamar essays The book that I read is Farewell to Manzanar. A true story of Japanese American experience during and after the World War II internment. This is a story of Jeanne Wakatsuki, her father Ko, her mother Riku and her brothers and sisters from the experience of the internment at Manzanar camp where they stayed for 3 1/2 years. On December 7, 1941, when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, Ko, Jeannes Father burned everything that he had brought from Hiroshima that suggested he had some connection with his country, Japan, where he attended military school until the age of seventeen. Ko was a fisherman; he was arrested because he was accused of delivering oil to Japanese submarines. He looked like the enemy and was sent to Bismarck, North Dakota and imprisoned at Fort Lincoln. This was the beginning of a terrible and desperate time for Jeannes family. Before the attack, they lived in Ocean Park, near Santa Monica. In February the Navy decided to clear terminal Islands because it was dangerous having Orientals so close to the Long Beach Naval Station, therefore, they gave them Forty- eight hours to abandon the area. The American Friend services helped them to Public attitudes toward the Japanese in California changed, anti Japanese American racism surfaced since the bombing of Pearl Harbor. The government ordered them to move to the first permanent camp MANZANAR. On March 25, 1942 evacuees began to arrive, over 10,000 Japanese from Southern California were interned. Jeanne was seven years old, all twelve members of her family were taken to block 16, each block if 15 barracks which was divided into six units. They were assigned two of these for her entire family. In camp everybody shared a bath, open latrine and mess building. The food made them sick, young and old alike, because the ...

Efficient Memory Techniques for Better Performance

Efficient Memory Techniques for Better Performance Invincible 5 Memory Practices For The Examination Commencing revision barely a day to the examination can be dangerously imprudent as it does not guarantee a good performance. In the same breath, jamming the materials at the 11th hour is also ill-advised, and you should strive to prepare in advance. Lack of preparation leaves you irritably exasperated as you will be trying to remember something you read but to no avail. This feeling of anger will eat into your exam time because you will be pondering how the situation would have been if only you had read and had all the content at your fingerprints. Going blank in an exam room is a situation most students are well acquainted with from personal experiences. Nevertheless, you can evade because it is possible to turn your mind into you’re the biggest resource and as research shows, the human mind can accommodate large amounts of information. 1. Intertwined Revision Most subjects teach related knowledge and as such, reviewing this subject independent of each other is not a sensible thing to do. Studies show that linking previous knowledge with new ones increases the level of comprehension. The question that remains is, what is the explanation behind this fact? To put things into more perspective, paint this picture in your mind. Assume that the knowledge you possess is a road map in your mind and each time you learn something new, that is a different street you are adding to the plan. When you need to access specific material, your brain will run through different corridors to track that information. Develop a virtual map in your mind Identify the different topics that you need to study and draw the connection between them in your mind. Additionally, identify the topics that you are already conversant with and the knowledge you possess. This move will aid you in linking the connection between the topics. 2. Get enough sleep Students believe that burning the midnight oil studying is a sure way to getting good grades in an examination. However, this could be not any further from the truth as research proves that getting enough rest is vital for refreshing and rejuvenating your mind. Adequate sleep aids the processing of new information learned. Prepare a study timetable After you learn of the exam date, prepare a study timetable indicating which topic you will tackle and at what time. Early preparation will go a long way to help you get that grade you so desire, and you will be able to get enough sleep the night before the examination. 3. Talking reinforces remembrance Narrating a story evokes your memory as you will feel the need to tell it exactly how it happened without omitting any details. Again, research shows that people tend to recall things better if they are to tell it as a story to other people. As a student, you should take advantage of this, tell a friend what you learned detail by detail, in the process, the information is most likely to stick to your memory. Pen down a revision article Find something that interests you and builds your revision story based on it. Imagine individuals, objects, places or symbols and assign each of these a topic, formula, or the fact that you need to memorize. This technique has been proven to be effective as it not only makes the learning process simpler, it provokes you to dig deeper into your creative abilities. 4. Revise! Revise! Revise! Revising is not as fun as compared to other activities like playing video games or surfing on your computer, and it is easier to have wishful thinking that we could take one look at the materials and that will do. Still, revision is a chief factor that will determine your performance in an examination. Revision enables you to identify the areas you are weak in and focus your concentration on those topics. Find study mates   The benefits of a study group are quite significant. Explaining a concept, you have learned to a friend increases your understanding of the matter. At your request, your study mates can ask you difficult questions to determine your preparedness and level of knowledge. At times it can be a challenge finding a study group you will be comfortable in and freely interact. Strange enough, you could record yourself recounting what you have learned and play it later on. 5. Reflection as memory heightening technique Scientists have established that reflecting heightens your memory although there have not been specific details explain how this happens. The presumption is, reflection develops imaginative and attentiveness. The development is due to the quiet and peaceful environment that meditation requires. Moreover, reflection helps you unwind and relieve pressure, and this might be a good way to spend your time before the examination. Look for a reflective instruction guide Credit to technology, instructional guides on reflection are on the internet or various mobile applications. Make an effort to follow a ten-minute meditation for a couple of days or weeks and observe if you will notice any changes (improvement) in your attentiveness when studying. Different students have different needs, and some may not find reflection an effective method of preparing for their examination. There are other ways of revising that require a lot more exertion, but they are worth the while as they are effectual. According to psychologists, approximately a month of practice is needed to alter a mental routine. My advice is, attempt the above memory practices and examine whether studying become an easier and enjoyable experience for you.

Supply HW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Supply HW - Essay Example It offers access to many regions and nations of the world; this fact alone can be a very attractive feature from the point of view of logistics companies. Even the forecasted economic growth is creating an increased utility for logistics services in the region. This is a very encouraging point for the logistics companies, which have to muster a substantial amount of capital outlay when initiating their operations in Dubai. However, the current space constraint of the Dubai International Airport is proving to be a very costly constraint for the logistics companies and freight forwarders. Both these parties require more space in order to expand the horizon of their operations, but since the airport has literally come into the city, there is no scope for expansion there. However, as mentioned earlier, the royal family never fears a huge capital outlay when devising expensive projects; therefore, the royal family has decided to sponsor the construction of a Dubai Logistics City. This cit y will be located near Jebel Ali port and will be complemented with a Jebel Ali airport. These initiatives will allow logistics service providers to transform into tri-modal service providers, thus increasing their profitability substantially (Mangan, Lalwani, and Butcher 303-315). Part 1: Case Analysis Analysis of Relevant Issues: Emirate Dubai is home to a population of 1.2 million people. The city can be classified as a cosmopolitan, since it provides shelters to people from multilingual backgrounds, different cultural backgrounds, different countries, and different regions of the world. Dubai is the 2nd largest and wealthiest of the seven emirates of the United Arab Emirates. The city provides a linking ground between the West soil, Persian soil, and Asia soil. Trade in the region increased in the 2nd half of the centaury. The fundamental reason behind this change was the building up of a sea port and numerous tax concessions offered by the monarch of the land. When oil was disc overed in the city, trade and exports of the city saw a drastic increase. However, the royal family of the land was clear that it would end this dependency of the economy on oil export and would create alternate avenues for revenue generation. It was due to this that the city started making progress in its infrastructure development and sites that could attract tourists. The initiatives taken by the rulers led to an increase in the internationality of the city. This was augmented by the easy living atmosphere offered by the city. Western foreigners also found a land were they could spend quality time. This easy going atmosphere was germinated due to the liberal religious attitude of the rulers and due to the English language being the most preferred language of the city (Mangan, Lalwani, and Butcher 303-315). Such favorable characteristics of Dubai made it a regional trade hub; it serves around 2 billion customers worldwide. Businesses interested in starting operations in this city should not fear the law and order situation in the country, political climate of the city, and external relationship of the city. The city has been deemed as the Switzerland of the Arab world because of it neutrality towards international events and incidents. A business

Native American Culture Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Native American Culture - Term Paper Example Native Americans wanted to control the environment and the human being or the supernatural beings that surrounded or threatened them. Particular articles were solely for religious uses, and some were for secular needs alone. Decorations did not always provide clues as to their uses; most of the religious articles were completely devoid of ornamentation. A few people used plain-ware bowls for food preparation, while others used polychrome bowls for the same purposes, yet under a different set of circumstances they could fulfill a religious function (Kuiper 176). The specific aim of the Indian artist was not just to set down realistic account but to form the semi-magical designs so universal in the art of non-Western cultures. Carvings paintings, effigies, or realistic portraits were not merely pictures of people or objects; they embodied the essence of that particular subjects as well. Native Americans often attached names to designs for convenience of people as it helped to avoid con fusion. Although the dissimilarities between the artistic languages of different times were immense, there were also similarities, for the borrowing of art forms from distant and occasionally foreign peoples was a common practice (Kuiper 181). Despite the similarities between the art of forms of different cultural groups and various cultural groups and dissimilar times, one cannot talk of Indian art as though it were on its own a concept. Just as there were numerous hundred native languages, dialects, and speech forms, so were there an equal number of tribal styles, motifs, and design forms. Aesthetics, or perceptions of beauty are among the most difficult concepts to identity in any Native American musical culture. Native Americans tended to evaluate performances according to the feelings of connectedness they generate rather than according to specifically musical qualities. Some communities judged the victory of a performance by how many people

Education in the United States Essay Example for Free

Education in the United States Essay Education in the United States of America is governed by the Department of Education. There are three different levels of control and funding for public education: federal, state, and local. In the United States school is mandatory from Kindergarten through High School, consisting of thirteen different grade levels. Students can obtain an education by attending a public school, a private school, or a home school. In order to ensure that all students obtain the academic knowledge needed to progress through the grade levels, standardized tests are given regardless of where a student obtains an education (United States Department of Education, 2005). Education in the United States is governed and funded mainly by local jurisdictions, with the state and federal governments supervising educational activities and ensuring that all local jurisdictions are administering standardized tests and obtaining the funding needed to operate adequate educational facilities. The Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution states that all powers that are not assigned to the federal government by the United States Constitution are reserved to the people or the individual states. As per the Tenth Amendment, the individual states control public education. Most states are divided into local jurisdictions that have elected school boards that oversee the individual school districts within its jurisdiction. The local school districts own and operate the public schools within its boundaries and are responsible for obtaining funding for each of the public schools they control (United States Constitution, Tenth Amendment, 1787). The majority of the funding for public education in the United States is obtained from local taxes and state governments. The federal government only provides 8. 5% of the funds for public education (National Center for Education Statistics, 2008). There has been some controversy over the No Child Left Behind Act passed in 2001 which allows the federal government to withhold funding if a state or local school district is not complying with the standards set forth in the No Child Left Behind Act. However, the funding withheld for non-compliance is not a significant amount (No Child Left Behind Act, 2001). There is a larger controversy over the local school districts obtaining funding primarily from local taxes. Local jurisdictions can impose many different types of taxes on its citizens. In the commonwealth of Massachusetts there has been controversy over the imposition of excise taxes and corporate taxes. Excise taxes are taxes that are not property taxes or taxes that are imposed based on statutory law. Corporate taxes are imposed on corporations within a certain jurisdiction that are paid to the local government. These taxes are in addition to any federal or state taxes that the corporation is responsible for. Businesses in the commonwealth of Massachusetts are required to pay quarterly excise taxes on an accelerated basis due 15 days prior to the end of each quarter. The first quarter payment is 40% of the required annual excise tax, the second and third payments are 25% each, and the fourth payment is 10% of the excise tax. The minimum amount of corporate excise tax required of all corporations operating within the commonwealth of Massachusetts is $456 per year regardless of whether or not the corporation made a profit that year (The National Federation of Independent Business, 2007). Chapter 70 Part 1, Title XII, Chapter 70 of the General Laws of Massachusetts regulates the financial disbursements awarded to each public school district throughout the commonwealth. The legislative intent of Chapter 70 is to assure fair and adequate minimum per student funding for public schools in the commonwealth by defining a foundation budget and a standard of local funding effort applicable to every city and town in the commonwealth (Chapter 70). Chapter 70 sets up rules on how to allocate the money. These rules set standards on how the money will be distributed if it is below a base amount or higher than a base amount. For example, in Section 13, Part B, the law states that â€Å"if the amount appropriated is more than the base amount, funds shall first be allocated to ensure that the state school aid for each municipality equals the base amount† (Chapter 70). This part tries to ensure that an equal distribution is set to each school. Although this is only occurs when more money is available, it still sets the standard that each school will at least get its base amount before other funds are distributed. In the event that there are not enough funds to cover the base, a formula has been established to attempt to make the distribution fair. The amount is reduced by a constant amount per student. The rate is found by the difference between the base amount and the actual amount divided by the total enrollment of the state (Chapter 70). Cambridge, Massachusetts Cambridge, Massachusetts is a city right outside Boston, Massachusetts. Cambridge is famous for its two prominent universities: Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The public school system in Cambridge is controlled by the Cambridge Public School District which consists of twelve elementary schools, of which eleven extend through eighth grade. There is only one high school in the Cambridge Public School District, Cambridge Rindge and Latin School. The Cambridge Public School District educates over 5,500 students every year with a project enrollment of 5,790 students for the 2008-2009 school year. The Cambridge Public School District has a proposed budget of $130,704,170. 00 for the 2008-2009 school year. This proposed budget has increased 2. 36% from the previous year. 75% of this proposed budget will be allocated to the individual schools within the district. The remaining 25% of this budget will be spent on administrative costs such as maintenance and security. The Cambridge Public School District is funded through a variety of sources in addition to local taxes. The Cambridge Public School District receives funds from thirteen federal grants awarded by the commonwealth of Massachusetts, eleven private grants, eleven revolving funds, ten state grants, two district federal grants, and one state-circuit breaker reimbursement. These grants account for $13,714,499 of the total funds needed to operate the schools within the Cambridge Public School District. The Cambridge Public School District also receives an average of $1,076 per student from Chapter 70 financial aid each year (Action Public Schools, 2006). Newton, Massachusetts Newton, Massachusetts is a suburb of Boston that consists of thirteen small villages. The Newton Public School District controls the fifteen elementary schools, four middle schools, and two high schools that are located in Newton, Massachusetts. The Newton Public School District educates an average of over 11,000 students each year throughout its twenty two public schools (Newton Public School District, 2008). The Newton Public School District has a proposed budget of $171,377,580 for the 2008-2009 school year. This proposed budget has increased 10. 5% from the previous year. According to this budget, the Newton Public School District spends $14,743 per student every year (Newton Public School District, 2008). The Newton Public School District is funded through a variety of sources in addition to local taxes. The Newton Public School District receives 55% of the revenue generated by the City of Newton. The Newton Public School District also receives over $8. 6 million dollars from federal, state, and private grants. Over $3 million dollars of the Newton Public School District budget is received from a program called Circuit Breaker which allocates special funds to school districts for additional special education courses. Federal, state, and private grants and the Circuit Breaker program account for almost $12 million dollars of the annual budget (Newton Public School District, 2006). The Newton Public School District also receives an average of $846 per student from Chapter 70 financial aid each year (Action Public Schools, 2006). Conclusions Allocating funds for public education in the United States is a complex process. Wealth and more funds do not necessarily lead to greater achievement by the students enrolled in the school district. Federal, state, and local jurisdictions must determine the most beneficial methods for allocating the educational funds available. These allocations are not equal and usually result in the more industrious neighborhoods receiving less funding from these sources, and incurring higher corporate taxes. The Newton Public School District receives less funding from external sources, and its businesses pay more corporate taxes. The allocated budget in the Newton Public School District is higher than the budget in Cambridge due to the fact that although the populations are similar, Newton operates twice as many educational facilities. . The Newton Public School District does not need the extra funds from external sources in order to reach its budget. Although the dollar amounts indicate an unfair advantage for the residents of Cambridge, both school districts are able to meet their budgets and educate their students adequately. Although the corporate tax system and excise tax system in Massachusetts may seem unfair to its businesses and residents, the public school districts within Massachusetts (including Newton and Cambridge) are able to meet the budget requirements due to the Chapter 70 allocations. The purpose of Chapter 70 is to create equality amongst the school districts and ensure that the cities that receive less corporate and excise tax are still able to operate successful public school districts so that every child within the commonwealth of Massachusetts has the opportunity to receive a quality education. REFERENCES The United States Census Bureau (2006). American FactFinder. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://factfinder. census. gov/ Action Public Schools (2006). Chapter 70 Aid Per Student High to Low. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://ab. mec. edu/about/Chapter70Aid/CH70PerStudentFY06. pdf Newton, Massachusetts (2008). 2008 Property Tax Rates. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. ci. newton. ma. us/Assessor/taxrate. htm Cambridge Massachusetts (2008). 2008 Property tax Rates. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. cambridgema. gov/CityOfCambridge_Content/documents/FY2008_Property_Tax_Update_Newsletter. pdf Newton Public School District (2008). General Information. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. newton. k12. ma. us Cambridge Public School District (2008). General Information. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. cpsd. us/index. cfm

Kosovo And Milosevic Essay example -- essays research papers

“I wouldn’t mind if they needed to take [Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic] out,'; said Chris Walter, 23, a college student living in Chagrin Falls, Ohio. I felt the same way about Saddam Hussein. I think the longer you keep the problem around, the sooner it is going to come back and bite you.'; From the Washington Post April 18th, 1999 The horrors of the atrocities committed against Kosovo such as the targeted attacks on civilians, “ethnic cleansing';, and most certainly mass murder have a greater impact globally than what may appear on the surface. On a humanitarian level, all these situations are marked by the same killing mixture of hope and despair – frightened women, terrified children, despondent old men and women, and helpless adults looking towards the corner of the street and gazing at the sky hoping for a miracle that does not happen – until they are driven out of their homes at gunpoint, and their houses looted and put to torch in front of their eyes – and they still thank God for sparing the lives of those who survived to face the next ordeal. This story is being repeated in the Balkans for the umpteenth time. Almost a month after the most powerful military grouping in history launched air attacks on rump Yugoslavia to compel adherence to a peace accord, a human tragedy of grotesque proportions continues to unfold in Kosovo. Nearly 50 per cent of its Albanian population has been forced to flee the country under the relentless assault of the Yugoslav army and police, amid unbelievably cruel carnage of human lives and burning of villages and towns. Kenneth Waltz’s first-image theory rests on the assumption that the causes of war are to be found in the nature and behavior of man and on the role of specific individuals, as in this case Slobodan Milosevic. If you ask the question "Why is a war taking place in Kosovo?" a large part of the reply must be "Because of Slobodan Milosevic." In an interview with Newsweek’s Lally Weymouth, German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer bluntly linked Milosevic with the two names whose shadows still linger over modern Europe. Milosevic, said Fischer, "was ready to act like Stalin and Hitler—to fight a war against the existence of a whole people." It is Milosevic who has lit the flame of evil;... ...le of double standards, and credit must be given to President Clinton for using US power and influence to hammer out the Dayton Accords that brought the nightmare in Bosnia-Herzegovina to an end in 1996. But what can be said about the current situation? NATO’s Secretary general Javier Solana wants to see Milosevic indicted: “We think that at a political level President Milosevic clearly bears responsibility for what’s going on in Kosovo,'; State Department spokesman James Rubin said in Washington last week. Yugoslavia was once a vibrant, multicultural society with one of the highest living standards and the greatest degrees of openness in the Soviet bloc, a country of extraordinary natural and historical beauty. Today it is a bombed out, fanatic-ridden shell. The real problem that should receive urgent attention is that massive human rights violations be stopped and the refugees extended every assistance to enable them to return to their homes, most of which will have to be rebuilt. Apart from a political solution that respects the rights of the Kosovars, those guilty of massacres and ethnic cleansing must be brought to book through war crimes trials.

Discuss the Significance of Names in of Mice and Men Essay

As seen in the book Of Mice and Men, author John Steinbeck uses a range of different names for his character, but as it seems, it is not just a coincidence that they are named this way. Steinbeck uses these specific names to match personality of a character and to show the significance of these characters to the society. Many characters names begin with a C for example Candy, Crooks, Curley, to create a direct reference to ‘Cain’ a nomad from the bible; who was cursed by God that he would never be able to settle down because of his wrongdoings for power, this signifies that the characters and Cain have a similarity; they are not able to settle down but are forced to keep moving from one area to another. Curley’s Wife, is perhaps the most major female character that is essential to the story, but has no name in the book. The most obvious assumption as to why Steinbeck has decided to do this is because he is using a historical reference to the American community, where woman were considered to be a man’s possession. â€Å"When they had them previews I coulda went to them, an’ spoke in the radio, an’ it wouldn’ta cost me a cent because I was in the pitchers†. In the book, Curley’s Wife has a dream/desire to have her name known as an icon, however, the results were that she had married a ‘nobody’ which makes her an even smaller existence to the society and the world. We can come to a conclusion that Curley’s wife is unnamed because Steinbeck reflects her complete lack of individual identity. Lennie Small, one of the two most major and necessary characters in the storyline, has a very ironic name. ‘Lennie’ is short for ‘Leonard’ or abbreviated to ‘Leo’ has a definition of lion, has symbolizes courage, rulership and strength, which is a complete opposite of Lennie’s character. ‘Small’ is also an addition to the irony, where Steinbeck uses this to emphasize his huge physical appearances. â€Å"I don’t want no trouble, don’t let him sock me George†. As seen in the book, Lennie is a ‘coward’, as he has a huge body and strength, yet doesn’t know how to defend himself in certain situations and cannot stand-up for himself. Slim is perhaps the most unique characters throughout the whole book. The reason as to why Steinbeck has decided to name this character in this way is to reflect on the American society (similar to Curley’s wife’s reasoning) as to where people were depressing and rarely had a reason to laugh or be ‘positive’ meaning that his physical appearance as being a tall skinny man refers to this. Slim however, is often thought as a hero, and thinks deeply about his actions toward other people as seen in chapter 6 where Slim out of all men goes over to check on Curley’s Wife’s lifeless body. â€Å"Then Slim went quietly over to her, and he felt her wrist. One lean finger touched her check, and then his hand went under her slightly twisted neck and his fingers explored her neck.† In other words, Slim’s naming is decided on to reflect and perhaps to criticize the American society at the time. Carlson, is the complete opposite of Slim, with ‘Carl’ meaning ‘man’ or ‘manly’ and ‘son’ meaning son, creating a definition of man’s son. Carlson as seen in the earlier parts of the story is seen to show no respect or value to Candy’s dog because of its putrid odor, not considering that the pet could be Candy’s only companion, showing that his character is arrogant and selfish. Carlson’s name is also decided to reflect on the American society, where his physical appearance also represents the average man. â€Å"Carlson stepped back to let Slim precede him, and then the two of them went out the door†. Nonetheless, Carlson shows in chapter 2 that he pays respect to the more superior than him, in this case to Slim, as he precedes back to let Slim past by. In conclusion, the names of characters in ‘Of Mice and Men’ are not just coincidences. In fact, the names John Steinbeck have chosen a re to symbolize and signify certain images and personalities and sometimes to criticize the American society, therefore, names in ‘Of Mice and Men’ are also a great significance to the story.

Research Project: Margaret Bourke-White Essay

Margaret Bourke – White, an American journalist photographer, was born in New York City on June 14, 1904. She was raised in a strict household. During her time in high school she became the yearbook editor and that is when she started showing her writing talent. Raised in a strict household, Bourke-White attended local public schools in Bound Brook, New Jersey, after her family moved there. In high school Bourke-White served as the yearbook editor and showed promise in her writing talents. After High school she kept on moving back and forth from the East to the Midwest, that was the reason why she attended several different universities. After tried out several different fields of studies, she discovered photography and decided to continue her education in this field. She received her bachelor’s degree in 1927. After her graduation she opened a studio in Cleveland, Ohio. At first she specialized in architectural photography, that was when she started taking pictures of the Otis Steel factory. Her work resulted to be some of the best steel factory pictures of that era, and these earned her national attention, by the publisher Henry Luce in Time magazine. Bourke-White became the associate editor and staff photographer of Fortune magazine, from 1929 till 1935. During that time she became the first western photographer who was allowed to document the Soviet Industry through photographs. That was a trigger to make her think about her work, from taking photographs for advertising, which was very profitable. She changed her perception on photography; she discovered how it is more of a powerful tool used to inform and influence the people, than an artistic medium. In 1937 she started working on a photo essay with Erskine Caldwell, whom she later on married in 1936, on revealing the social conditions in South America. Together they published a book, ‘You Have Seen Their Faces’ with their work from the photo essay, which became her best-known book. Never the less, this photo essay was one of the reasons why she was hired in Life magazine. During her time in Life magazine she composed her most famous single photograph, while covering the Louisville flood. Being a photographer doesn’t only mean taking photographs, but it’s to live and experience what you as a photographer are trying to show the world. It could be very dangerous and you will face a lot of obstacles. Bourke-White had no fear, all she cared about is to document and show the world what was happening. She was the first female photographer to document what was happening during the World War 2, and who was allowed  to work in the combat zones. She went was in Russia during the time Germany boomed Moscow for the first time, and that was when she decided to become a war correspondent. Of course this made her see horrors, which she could have never dreamt of seeing. At first she kept on going back and forth between the US Army Forces on the front lines of North Africa and Italy. During that time She experienced a torpedo attack on a ship she was taking to North Africa. This did not make her change her mind on covering the war, even after the fire she repeatedly came under in Italy in areas of fierce fighting. Her photos showed emotions and revealed the horrors to the war. There we two photographs she took during the war that had a great effect on the American population. The first one was a photo she took in Buchenwald camp, which was published in TIME magazine in 1945. Buchenwald camp was a concentration camp, where thousands of Jews were taken hostage and killed. Margaret was able to take a picture of the Jewish corpses that were piled on top of each other. It was a shocking picture that showed the suffering of the Jews and the cruelty of Nazi German. The second picture showed a Nazi mother who is covering both of her children with a white cloth. The story behind this picture is more shocking that what we saw. This mother killed her children after her husband was killed during the war, and then she ended up committing suicide. After the war was over Bourke White went back to documenting about humanitarian issues, which lead her to India. Two years after the Second World War, partition problems occurred between India and Pakistan that ended to be very violent. She was very keen to record all these horror to show to the world. She took photographs of dead victims with open eyes, streets filled with corpses and refugees with vacant eyes. These pictures touched a lot of people, some of them were displayed at â€Å"the posh shopping center Khan Market† in Delhi, India, and sixty-six of them were added in 2006 in a republished book called, ‘Train to Pakistan’. During her time in India, Bourke White took this chance to go photograph and interview Mohandas K. Gandhi. A lot of people regard her as being very lucky to have taken this interview, because a couple of hours after she left him he was assassinated. Her next destination was South Africa; she spent five month there documenting the unfair social and political treatment of black people and the cruelty of apartheid. After that she decided to fly to South Korea  to document the war that was going on during that time. Unfortunately that was her last trip, she discovered that she had the Parkinson’s disease, in 1956. She didn’t give up and fought back. She started working on her autobiography, Portrait of Myself that was published in 1963. She then died in 1971, due to her illness. Margaret was a strong and determined woman. She didn’t only play a big role in changing the people’s perspectives on the sufferings and problems that were around the world and the reality of things, but also how a woman can do a mans job. This wasn’t something common at that time. She has proved to the world that women can do everything, no matter how hard it is and her work reflected that. She crossed all barriers to make history and became well known around the world.

Texts in Time Essay Essays

Texts in Time Essay Essays Texts in Time Essay Essay Texts in Time Essay Essay Essay Topic: Prometheus English Advanced: Module A (Texts Through Time) – Practice Essay Whilst texts may be fabricated constructs of composers’ imaginations, they also investigate and direct the societal issues and standards of their period through the individuals they portray. This is clearly the case with Mary Shelley’s novel, â€Å"Frankenstein† (1818), which draws upon the rise of Galvanism and the Romantic Movement of the 1800s, as well as Ridley Scott’s film â€Å"Blade Runner† (1992), which considers the increase in the computing industry and the prevalence of capitalism within the late 20th Century. Both composers fundamentally warn us of the ominous outcomes of our desire for supremacy and uncontrolled technological development. Written in an era of crucial technological progressions, Shelley’s â€Å"Frankenstein† uses the creative arrogance of the Romantic imagination to construct a gothic world in which the protagonist’s obsession with creation of a life has derailed the traditional lines of power and duty. Scott also draws upon components of his own context, including the development of capitalism, the hostile nature of uncontrolled technological progression and the disintegration of the natural world to position us to reassess the outcomes of overstepping our limits. Both texts were produced as reactions against the presiding ethical ways of thinking at the time, emphasizing the need to preserve our humanity in the face of uncontrolled scientific advance. Shelley epitomizes the Romantic Movement as she warns her enlightened society of playing God. Her warning pervades through the individual character of Victor, whose self-aggrandizing speech â€Å"many excellent natures would owe their being to me,† represents a society obsessed with reanimation. Shelley challenges the ethics of her character’s quest for supremacy through his reflection â€Å"lost all soul or sensation but for this one pursuit,† as the juxtaposition of â€Å"all† and â€Å"one† underlines Victor’s extensive fixation on defeating death. Frequent mythical allusions to Prometheus: â€Å"How dangerous is the acquirement of knowledge† depicts Victor as an Aristotelian tragic hero whose blind ambition forebodes his own defeat and dehumanization. In addition, Victor’s impetuous rejection of his appalling creation, leads to the monster’s spiritual revolt: â€Å"vowed eternal hatred and vengeance to all mankind. This, together with the Monster’s questioning of how Victor could â€Å"sport thus with life†, positions us to question the role of science in our society as Shelley underpins the dangers of humankind’s intrinsic longing to play the role of the Creator. Despite their contextual discrepancies, such a warning also exists within Scott’s Blade Runner, where the director imitates the rise of capitalist principles through the symbolic ascendancy of the individual Tyrell’s towering pyramid, a reflection of both his desire for supremacy and commercial authority. Tyrell’s selfish nature is embodied in his greeting of Roy which is clouded with insincere cliches: â€Å"the light that burns twice as bright burns half as long† and biblical praises â€Å"look at you, you’re the prodigal son, you’re quite a prize;† he uses a calm tone to ease Roy, however such symbols are unnervingly toppled through both the foreboding Chiaroscuro of the flickering candlelight and his brutal death at the hands of his own creation. Here, Tyrells menacing scream as Roy ruptures his eyes, a metaphor of his blind ambition, creates an atmosphere of extreme terror as responders understand how Man’s hubristic desire to achieve supremacy results in his unavoidable destruction. Scott’s warning of the dangers of such a desire is also apparent within the expansive shots of 2019 Los Angeles, displaying a dismal and tenebrous world lit by the glow of corporate advertisements, a portrayal of a desolate future controlled by consumerism. In addition, both texts warnings involve the dangers of rampant technological advances. Frankenstein† further establishes the Romantic Movement’s influence on Shelley’s mindset, as her criticisms of the Industrial Revolution reflect their denigration of rationality. She claims that if we allow science and technology to continue at an unheeded rate, then humankind shall become controlled. She achieves this through the use of the character of the monster, parti cularly when he ironically says the word â€Å"slave† and the statement â€Å"You are my creator, but I am your master obey! †, which both demonstrate the way consumerism has subjugated humankind entirely, an idea fully extrapolated in Blade Runner. She further stresses this warning through the use of authorial intrusion: â€Å"man, you shall repent of the injuries you inflict†, in which she states, through the character of the monster, that unheeded scientific advance shall result in disaster. The monster’s statement of values: â€Å"I cannot believe that I am the same creature whose thoughts were once filled with sublime and transcendent visions of the beauty and the majesty of goodness,† suggests that our artificial creations will ultimately lead to the dehumanising of all aspects of life, and the loss of all positive â€Å"human† values. Similarly, Scott’s display of a desolate industrialised world is due to his intuition that scientific advance has already determined Man’s separation from Nature. Most noteworthy is the opening panoramic shot of burning smokestacks which, together with the evocative Vangelis soundtrack, initiates a septic stench of scientific overload. Indeed, this representation of a decomposing environment reflects the increasing ecological realization of the 1980s, which, whilst different to Shelley’s Romantic values, is similarly used to underline the demolition of humanity due to science. Moreover, Scott clarifies to us the dehumanizing effects of such advance, foregrounded through the individual, Deckard’s â€Å"retiring† of the Replicant Zhora. Here, the stylistic positioning of the transparent poncho places further stress on the brutality of this individual’s death, with the slow-motion low angle shot communicating her intensified sense of humanity within her last aching moments. In contrast, Deckard’s dispassionate features proposes that our artificial creations will ultimately lead to the dehumanizing of humanity, with both Scott and Shelley warning us of the grim results of unchecked technological advance. Thus, we can see how both Shelley and Scott communicate their ideas in their texts, Frankenstein and Blade Runner, through their choice of characters, as they draw upon the societal anxieties of their times in order to warn us of the outcomes of overstepping our limits and unchecked scientific progression. Subsequently, it becomes apparent that despite their contextual differences, both texts are in fact linked through their use of individuals to challenge the way society thought in their respective eras. 1028 words

Entertainment Architecture and Disney Design

Entertainment Architecture and Disney Design The Walt Disney Company must be a fun place to work. Even the Seven Dwarfs have smiles on their faces as they sing Heigh-ho, Heigh-ho, its off to work we go!   But who knew cartoon characters would be asked to hold up the floors of Disney Headquarters in Burbank, California? Designed by internationally known American architect Michael Graves, this whimsical building is a landmark example of entertainment architecture. Disney Architecture Needs Disney Architects The Walt Disney Company is not just for kids. When you visit any of the Disney theme parks or hotels, youll find buildings designed by some of the worlds leading architects, including Michael Graves. Typically, theme park architecture is as the name implies - thematic. Borrowing popular motifs from history and fairy tales, theme park buildings are designed to tell a story. For example, its well known that the romantic Neuschwanstein Castle in Germany inspired Disneyland’s Sleeping Beauty Castle in Southern California. But the Walt Disney Company wanted more when Michael Eisner took over in 1984. Were not about safe-deposit boxes. Were in the entertainment business, Eisner told The New York Times. And so the company set out to find architects to develop an entertainment architecture. Architects Who Have Designed for the Walt Disney Company All architects do not submit to the blatant commercialism behind entertainment architecture. Most notably, when the Disney Company was enlisting architects for their Disney World expansion, Pritzker Laureate James Stirling (1926-1992) denied Disneys advances - the commercialization of Britains Queen, the   changing of the guard, and other regal traditions soured the Scottish-born architect on using architecture for frivolous commercial promotion. Many postmodernists, however, jumped at the challenge of designing an architecture whose purpose was to envelop entertainment. They also jumped at the chance to be part of the powerful Disney empire. Architecture becomes magic, whether designing for Disney or not in the 1980s and 1990s. Robert A. M. Stern may be the most prolific Disney architect. At the Walt Disney World Resort, his designs for the BoardWalk and the 1991 Yacht and Beach Club Resorts are modeled after New England private resorts and clubs - a theme Stern also used for the 1992 Newport Bay Club Hotel at Paris Disneyland in Marne-La-Vallà ©e, France. Even more Disneyesque is Sterns 1992 Hotel Cheyenne in France - conceived in the image of a nineteenth-century American western town, but filtered through the lens of Hollywood....Hotel Cheyenne is the town itself. The meaning of the lens of Hollywood is, of course, what became known as the Disney version and not the 1973 horror tale of robots gone amok in the Westworld movie by Michael Crichton. A New York architect known for his sleek, postmodern urban designs, Stern developed the art moderne Disney Ambassador Hotel in 2000 in Urayasu-shi, Japan - a design that looks back to an architecture that represented the promise, magic, and glamour of a time when travel and movies were a romantic escape. Stern is also a champion of the new urbanism movement. In 1997 Sterns architecture firm, RAMSA, was chosen to design the Master Plan for Disneys planned community known as Celebration, Florida. It was to be a real community, where real people live and commute to nearby Orlando, but modeled after a typical sleepy Southern town of children, bikes, and neighborhood pets. Postmodernist architects were enlisted to design playful town buildings, such as the multi-columned Town Hall by Pritzker Laureat Philip Johnson and the Googie-styled movie theater designed by Cesar Pelli. Michael Graves designed a small post office that looks like a lighthouse, or a silo, or a ships smokestack. Graham Gunds inn is designed for visitors to step into 1920s Florida relaxation, but Robert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown planned the local bank to look like the old J.P. Morgan vault on the Corner of Wall Street in Lower Manhattan - all postmodern fun. Colorado architect Peter Dominick (1941-2009) knew how to design Disneys Wilderness Lodge and Animal Kingdom Lodge - resort rustic based on American Rockies. The whimsical Michael Graves (1934-2015) incorporated swans and dolphins, waves and shells into the architecture of the Walt Disney World Swan and Walt Disney World Dolphin hotels. Charles Gwathmey (1938-2009) designed Bay Lake Tower to look like a modern convention center and hotel, which it was. Disney employees work in Team Disney office buildings, which in a postmodern world are designed to look like cartoons. Michael Graves dwarf-clad headquarters building in Burbank, California substitutes dwarfs for Classical order columns. Japanese architect Arata Isozaki uses sundials and mouse ears within the Orlando, Florida Team Disney building. Italian architect Aldo Rossi (1931-1997) created Celebration Place, an office complex that is a drive-by lesson of postmodernism in the history of architecture. When Rossi won the Pritzker Prize in 1990, the jury cited his work as being bold and ordinary, original without being novel, refreshingly simple in appearance but extremely complex in content and meaning. This is the architecture of a Disney architect. Disney Design Specifications At Disney, architects may (1) strive for historic authenticity and recreate historic buildings; (2) take a whimsical approach and exaggerate storybook images; (3) create subtle, abstract images; or (4) do all of these things. How? Take a look at the Swan and Dolphin hotels designed by Michael Graves. The architect creates a storybook destination without stepping on the toes of any Disney character. Giant sculptures of swans, dolphins, and shells not only greet each guest, but also stay with the visitors throughout their journey. Sculptures are everywhere.   Located near EPCOT in the Walt Disney World ® Resort, the hotels architectural theme not only takes storybook-like figures, but also environmental elements as their theme. Like the swans and dolphins, water and sunlight are everywhere. Waves are painted as murals on the hotels facade. The hotel itself is an entertainment destination. What is Entertainment Architecture? Entertainment architecture is the design of commercial buildings with a focus on amusing themes. The approach has  been loosely promoted and/or defined by the entertainment industry, with the Walt Disney Company leading the way. You might suppose that entertainment architecture is the architecture of theaters and amusement parks, and structures exclusively designed by Disney architects. However, the term entertainment architecture can refer to any building or structure, regardless of its location and function, provided that it is designed to stimulate the imagination and encourage fantasy and whimsy. The Frank Gehry-designed Walt Disney Concert Hall in California may be a hall for entertainment, but its design is pure Gehry. Some works of entertainment architecture are playful recreations of famous monuments. Some feature enormous statues and fountains. Entertainment architecture is often considered postmodern because it uses familiar shapes and details in unexpected ways. Examples of Entertainment Architecture Perhaps the most striking illustrations of entertainment architecture are amusing theme hotels. The Luxor Hotel in Las Vegas, for example, is designed to resemble a giant pyramid filled with over-sized imitations of ancient Egyptian artifacts. In Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, the Fantasyland Hotel stimulates make-believe by decking out rooms in various themes, like the Old West and ancient Roman splendor. You will also find many examples of entertainment architecture in Disney World and other theme parks. The Swan Dolphin Hotels may be considered entertainment architecture as guests discover giant birds lurking through windows into lobbies. It is a destination in and of itself. Likewise, the exaggerated pediment at Disney Headquarters in Burbank, California is not supported by Classical columns but is held up by six of the Seven Dwarfs. And Dopey? Hes at the top, within the pediment, unlike any other symbolic statuary youve ever seen. Building a Dream One of the best sources for in-depth information on buildings at Disney resorts world-wide is Building a Dream: The Art of Disney Architecture by Beth Dunlop. Dont let the Disney name in the subtitle fool you. Building a Dream is not a travel guide, a childs storybook or a sugarcoated romanticization of the Disney empire. Instead, Dunlops picture-packed book is a careful study of the imaginative and often-revolutionary designs found in Disney theme parks, hotels, and corporate offices. At over two hundred pages and with a focus on the Michael Eisner years, Building a Dream includes interviews with architects, drawings and color photos along with a helpful bibliography. Author Dunlop has written for numerous architecture, design, and travel magazines, as well as being the architecture critic at the Miami Herald for fifteen years. In Building a Dream, Dunlop approaches Disney architecture with the care and respect of an anthropologist. She examines original concept drawings and historic photographs and she conducts extensive interviews with architects, imagineers and corporate leaders. Architecture enthusiasts will be fascinated by the inside story of how the trendy architects Eisner hired managed to incorporate Disney motifs into complex and often abstract designs. Building a Dream is a book studded with anecdotes: We learn about the heated competition to build the Swan and Dolphin hotels and the oriental philosophies expressed in Isozakis striking Team Disney building. We make dizzy and sometimes disorienting leaps from Disneyland to Walt Disney World to EuroDisney. An occasional technical term, such as scuppers along the parapet may leave some readers baffled, but overall Dunlops tone is relaxed and conversational. Devoted Disney fans may wish Dunlop had spent more time on Cinderellas castle and Thunder Mountain. Even in its early days, the Walt Disney Company pioneered imaginative building styles. Dunlop traces the evolution of the first Disney Main Street, Future World and the original corporate offices. For Dunlop, however, the most exciting architecture was created when Eisner took over the company in 1984. When Eisner commissioned prize-winning architects to create new designs for Disney worldwide, the ideas baked into modern architecture were brought to the masses. This is the importance of the Disney architects. Sources Disney Deco by Patricia Leigh Brown, The New York Times, April 8, 1990 [accessed October 2, 2015]Additional photo of the Team Disney Building in Burbank, California by George Rose/Getty Images; additional photos of the Swan and Dolpin Hotels courtesy Swan Dolphin MediaWDW Architecture, magicalkingdoms.com/wdw/more/architecture.html [accessed January 25, 2018]RAMSA, Hotel Cheyenne, ramsa.com/project-detail.php?project451 and Disney Ambassador Hotel, ramsa.com/project-detail.php?project453langen [accessed January 28, 2018]Pritzker Prize, https://www.pritzkerprize.com/laureates/1990 [accessed January 26, 2018]